Fire Protection Design Specifications for Diesel Generator Rooms

With the development of society and the improvement of people’s living standards, the types and quantities of electrical equipment in modern civil buildings are increasing. Among these electrical equipment, there are not only fire-fighting pumps, sprinkler pumps, and other fire-fighting equipment, but also electrical equipment such as life pumps and elevators that require reliable power supply. To meet the reliability of power supply for these devices, the method of using diesel generator sets as backup power sources in design is widely adopted when the municipal power grid cannot provide two independent power sources.Although diesel has a higher ignition point and relatively low fire risk, in civil buildings, diesel generator sets are still set inside the building structure. Theoretically, there is still a risk. Considering the issues of ventilation, noise, vibration, etc., during the operation of the generator set, it is necessary for us to comprehensively consider and take sufficient preventive measures.

I. Regulations on the Configuration of Fire Protection Facilities:

(1) Outside the generator room, there are fire hydrants, fire belts, and fire water guns.

(2) Inside the generator room, there are oil-type fire extinguishers, dry powder fire extinguishers, and gas fire extinguishers.

(3) There are prominent “No smoking” safety signs and “No smoking” text.

(4) The generator room has a dry fire sand pool.

(5) The generator set should be at least one meter away from the building and other equipment and maintain good ventilation. (6) There should be emergency lighting, emergency signs, and independent exhaust fans in the basement. Fire alarm device.

II. Regulations on the Location of Diesel Generator Rooms The diesel generator room can be arranged on the first floor of a high-rise building, the first floor of a podium building, or the basement, and should comply with the following regulations:

(1) The diesel generator room should be separated from other parts by fire-resistant walls with a fire resistance limit of not less than 2.00 hours and floors with a fire resistance limit of not less than 1.50 hours.

(2) An oil storage room should be set up in the diesel generator room, and the total storage amount should not exceed the demand for 8.00 hours. The oil storage room should be separated from the generator set by a fire-resistant wall. When it is necessary to open the door on the fire-resistant wall, a Class A fire-resistant door that can be closed automatically should be installed.

(3) Adopt independent fire protection partition and separate fire protection zones.

(4) An oil storage room should be set up separately, and the storage amount should not exceed the demand for 8 hours. Measures should be taken to prevent oil leakage and exposure, and the oil tank should have a ventilation pipe (outdoors).

III. Fire Protection Regulations for Diesel Generator Rooms in High-Rise Buildings If the building is a high-rise building, Article 8.3.3 of the “Fire Protection Design Specification for High-Rise Civil Buildings” shall apply: The diesel generator room should meet the following requirements:

1、The location selection and other requirements of the room should comply with Article 8.3.1 of the “Fire Protection Design Specification for High-Rise Civil Buildings.”

2、It is advisable to have generator rooms, control and distribution rooms, oil storage rooms, and spare parts storage rooms. When designing, these rooms can be combined or increased/decreased according to specific circumstances.

3、The generator room should have two entrances and exits, one of which should be large enough to meet the needs of transporting the unit. Otherwise, a lifting hole should be reserved.

4、Fire protection measures should be taken for the doors and observation windows between the generator room

5、Diesel generators should be located close to primary loads or connected to the main distribution panel.

6、They can be installed on the first floor of the podium or basement of a high-rise building, and should meet the following requirements:

(1) The diesel generator room should be separated from other areas by fire-resistant walls with a fire endurance limit of not less than 2h or 3h, and the floor should have a fire endurance limit of 1.50h. Class A fire doors should also be installed.

(2) An oil storage room should be provided inside with a total storage capacity not exceeding 8 hours of demand. The oil storage room should be separated from the generator room by a fireproof wall. When it is necessary to have a door in the fireproof wall, a Class A fire door that can self-close should be installed.

(3) Automatic fire alarm and fire suppression systems should be installed.

(4) When installed in the basement, at least one side should be adjacent to an outer wall, and the hot air and smoke exhaust pipes should extend outside. The smoke exhaust system should meet environmental protection requirements.

7、The air inlet should be located in front of or on both sides of the generator.

8、Measures should be taken to control noise from the generator and sound insulation of the generator room.

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Post time: Mar-28-2023